391.11B2 — Driver does not have proper CDL class for vehicle
49 CFR 391 • Driver Fitness BASIC • Severity 8/10
What this violation means
Driver's CDL class doesn't match the truck being driven. Most common pattern: Class B driver operating a Class A combination, or a Class C driver operating any straight truck over 26,001 lb. 8 SMS points, OOS-eligible. On a second occurrence within 3 years, this is a CDL disqualifying violation.
How often this is cited (last 24 months)
In the last 24 months, 391.11B2 was cited 1,233 times at roadside inspections against 1,032 carriers, and 13.2% of those citations were out-of-service violations. It ranks #43 among the violation codes in our records by citation count. Most recent citation on record: Aug 9, 2026.
Why this gets cited
Carrier dispatching the wrong driver to a load (Class B driver to a tractor-trailer). Driver upgraded their CDL but state DMV record hasn't synced. Driver downgraded (medical) and didn't realize the limitation.
How to fix / prevent
Check CDL class against equipment at dispatch. PSP pre-employment screening shows CDL class. State DMV check at hire and renewal. Don't dispatch on what the driver says — verify with the physical license.
Out-of-service criteria
Yes — this violation IS out-of-service eligible. When an inspector finds 391.11B2 during a Level 1, 2, or 3 inspection, they can place the Driver OOS using the North American Standard Out-of-Service Criteria. OOS means the truck cannot move from the inspection site until the defect is corrected (vehicle OOS) or the driver is replaced (driver OOS). For carriers, every OOS violation adds time-weighted points to your CSA Driver Fitness BASIC — and it shows in the public SMS data within 30 days. For drivers, an OOS event stays on PSP for 3 years.
CSA / SMS impact
391.11B2 carries a severity weight of 8/10 in FMCSA's Safety Measurement System (SMS). Higher weights mean faster CSA percentile movement. Combined with a time-weighting factor (3× for citations within the last 6 months, decaying over 24 months), this violation can move your Driver Fitness BASIC percentile significantly if it stacks with similar citations across your fleet. The threshold for FMCSA intervention is the 65th percentile for most BASICs (50th for Hazmat and Passenger Carrier). Once you cross that, FMCSA can send a Warning Letter, Off-Site Investigation, or full Compliance Review.
How to read this: a single citation rarely puts you over threshold — it's the pattern. Track your inspection rate per power unit and aim for OOS rate under 5% (industry average is 21%).
Carriers recently cited (last 24 months)
Carriers most-recently cited for 391.11B2 in FMCSA inspection records (rolling 24-month window).
- 8×GFT EXPRESS LLCDOT #4225562 • last cited 2025-03-06
- 7×GARCIA AYALA TRUCKING LLCDOT #3968418 • last cited 2026-03-19
- 6×AUTOTRANSPORTES VARELA DAVILA SA DE CVDOT #1716824 • last cited 2025-06-24
- 6×MEROEM AUTO TRANSPORTATION LLCDOT #4277057 • last cited 2025-02-14
- 5×D & Q CHICAGO INCDOT #3086306 • last cited 2025-12-05
- 5×NORTH CAROLINA HARVESTING LLCDOT #3450745 • last cited 2025-05-26
- 5×JUAN CARLOS RAMOSDOT #3639352 • last cited 2025-04-25
- 4×CORRAL TRANSPORTATION INCDOT #3085347 • last cited 2026-02-23
- 4×FJ CARRIER LOGISTICS LLCDOT #3162922 • last cited 2025-10-08
- 4×TNSERVICEINCDOT #2369882 • last cited 2025-07-12